Researcher Yuxi Peng systematically examined BCI applications from both neurorehabilitation and nursing perspectives for paraplegic patients. The review summarises the definition, principles, classification, and clinical value of non-invasive EEG-BCI and invasive implantable BCI. It outlines stratified rehabilitation strategies for patients with different injury severities and constructs a comprehensive nursing model that includes pre-rehabilitation assessment, intra-training monitoring, complication prevention, psychological intervention, and home-based continuing care.
Current evidence indicates that BCIs can effectively activate neuroplasticity, relieve spasticity, and improve motor intention and activities of daily living. Professional nursing is critical for ensuring safety, adherence, and long-term outcomes. The review also discusses current research limitations and proposes future directions to inform clinical practice and academic research.