Trials

A completed RCT compared BCI-controlled versus conventional exoskeleton gait training in stroke patients, training 2 times a week for 4 weeks.

People's Daily Online reported that multiple people with high-level paralysis used StairMed's minimally invasive implantable BCI for three to four consecutive hours of computer work, including e-commerce logistics coordination and vending-machine data labeling. The company reported a 256-channel system and latency below 50 milliseconds. The article did not provide a participant count, standardized protocol or adverse-event table.

A study of 60 patients with subacute stroke hemiplegia found that adding motor imagery brain-computer interface training to conventional rehabilitation significantly improved upper limb motor function, simplified upper limb function scores, and daily living abilities. The experimental group of 30 received 3 weeks of additional BCI training, 5 days per week, while the control group received only conventional rehabilitation. The experimental group showed greater improvements in Fugl-Meyer upper limb scores, simplified upper limb function scores, and Barthel Index, with statistically significant differences.

Hospices Civils de Lyon has registered a clinical study in France to decode motor imagery from non-invasive brain recordings as a prerequisite for innovative motor rehabilitation therapies. Combining MRI, MEG, and EEG, the study will design a subject-specific neurophysiological model, noting that standard BCI approaches neglect transient features such as beta bursts. The approach will first be validated in healthy subjects, then assessed for feasibility in stroke patients.

Surgeons in Michigan have implanted Paradromics' Connexus brain-computer interface in a patient with motor neuron disease who had lost most of her ability to speak. Connexus records from individual neurons through 421 microelectrodes seated 1.5 millimeters into the motor cortex; the signals pass to a transceiver in the patient's chest, where AI converts them into text on a screen. Austin, Texas-based Paradromics received FDA approval in the fall of 2025 to begin the clinical trial.

A randomized controlled trial in 120 patients with post-stroke hemiplegia found that pairing brain-computer interface (BCI) rehabilitation training with a gait robot accelerated lower-limb recovery and improved muscle activation patterns more than either intervention on its own. After eight weeks, BCI training, gait-robot training and the combination all improved lower-limb motor function, muscle activity and gait compared with routine training, but the combined group showed the largest increases in integrated electromyography of the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius, along with a greater gain in step frequency and a greater reduction in step width.

NeuroXess and Huashan Hospital reported a single-patient test of a 256-channel flexible implantable BCI. In postoperative training, decoding accuracy reached 71% across 142 commonly used Mandarin syllables, with per-character latency below 100 milliseconds. The participant had a language-area tumor and epilepsy, so the company-reported result does not establish performance in people who have lost speech.

Austrian company g.tec medical engineering GmbH has registered a brain-computer interface rehabilitation trial in Parkinson's disease on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT06690931, first posted on November 15, 2024 and marked completed as of the entry's September 3, 2026 update. It evaluates recoveriX PRO, which pairs motor imagination with functional electrical stimulation (FES) and virtual reality feedback, the user wearing an EEG cap whose recorded neural activity drives the feedback devices, and it asks whether the therapy significantly improves motor function, whether it outperforms standard treatment, and whether it is equally safe. The BCI group trains six times a week for four weeks, 24 sessions in all, while the control group gets the same schedule of FES and VR without EEG monitoring; no results are posted in the registry entry.

Synchron reported 12-month results from the U.S. COMMAND early feasibility study in six people with severe chronic bilateral upper-limb paralysis. All participants met the primary safety endpoint of no device-related serious adverse event causing death or permanent increased disability, and motor-intent signals were converted into digital actions throughout the study. The disclosure was not a two-year pivotal-trial report.

A randomized clinical trial called BCI-REHAB compared an at-home brain-computer interface (BCI) therapy system with a home exercise program for upper-extremity rehabilitation in chronic stroke survivors. The trial, conducted in the United States, was first posted on July 28, 2023, last updated on August 12, 2026, and has a status of completed. The study used Neurolutions' IpsiHand Upper Extremity Rehabilitation System, which reads motor intentions via scalp electrodes and drives an exoskeleton hand device to facilitate repetitive hand movement training. The trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of BCI-based therapy versus standard exercise therapy and assess the potential for meaningful motor improvement in a home setting. The trial covered conditions including stroke, hemiparesis, spasticity as a sequela of stroke, and chronic stroke survivors with a plegic hand, but results have not yet been published.

Vanderbilt University Medical Center has developed a method that uses post-operative CT scans and image processing to determine the physical relationship between cochlear implant electrodes and the neural interface, allowing sub-optimally positioned electrodes to be switched off for a customized map. Cochlear implants are surgically implanted devices that restore hearing by electrically stimulating the auditory nerve, and their programming has traditionally ignored where the electrodes actually sit. The trial tested whether this individualized image-guided programming improves hearing and speech outcomes in pediatric recipients, with hearing measures collected at baseline, 12 months and 24 months; it has been completed, but results have not been posted.